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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Izvestia Vuzov. Geodesy and Aerophotosurveying</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Izvestia Vuzov. Geodesy and Aerophotosurveying</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Известия высших учебных заведений «Геодезия и аэрофотосъемка»</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">0536-101X</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2618-7299</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">105493</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30533/GiA-2025-026</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Геодезия</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Geodesy</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Геодезия</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Asessment of the effectiveness of models used for ionospheric correction of GNSS measurements</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Оценка эффективности моделей, используемых для ионосферной коррекции измерений ГНСС</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Куприянов</surname>
       <given-names>А. О.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kupriyanov</surname>
       <given-names>A. O.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Морозов</surname>
       <given-names>Д. А.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Morozov</surname>
       <given-names>D. A.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Замогильный</surname>
       <given-names>Д. </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Zamogil'nyy</surname>
       <given-names>D. </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет транспорта (МИИТ)</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Российский университет транспорта (МИИТ)</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-23T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>23</day>
    <month>10</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-23T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>23</day>
    <month>10</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>69</volume>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>8</fpage>
   <lpage>21</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-08T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>08</day>
     <month>02</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-06-23T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>23</day>
     <month>06</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://miigaik.editorum.ru/en/nauka/article/105493/view">https://miigaik.editorum.ru/en/nauka/article/105493/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>В данной работе представлены результаты сравнительного анализа эффективности моделей ионосферной коррекции измерений глобальных навигационных спутниковых систем, таких как модель Клобучара, NeQuick-G и IRI-2016. Исследование направлено на оценку точности этих моделей в различных географических регионах, включая территорию Российской Федерации, с учетом особенностей ионосферной активности. Особое внимание уделено методикам вычисления вертикального полного электронного содержания (англ. Vertical Total Electron Content, VTEC) и использованию глобальных ионосферных карт (англ. Global Ionospheric Map, GIM) для верификации данных. Точность моделей оценивалась на основе среднеквадратической погрешности (СКП) разностей VTEC, рассчитанных по моделям и данным GIM. Проведенный анализ позволил выявить систематические смещения прогнозов и определить наиболее точные модели для различных условий ионосферы. Установлено, что модель NeQuick-G демонстрирует высокую эффективность в условиях спокойной ионосферы, обеспечивая минимальные значения СКП. В то же время модель IRI-2016 показала лучшие результаты при возмущенных состояниях ионосферы, что делает ее предпочтительной для использования в периоды повышенной солнечной активности. Исследование также выявило значительную вариативность точности моделей на территории РФ, что подчеркивает необходимость создания региональных и локальных моделей для достижения наилучших результатов. Полученные данные хорошо соотносятся с другими исследованиями, подтверждая надежность результатов.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) are significantly affected by ionospheric delays, which impact on the accuracy of coordinate determination. In this study, the performance of three ionospheric correction models was evaluated: Klobuchar, NeQuick-G, and IRI-2016 – in various geographic regions, including the territory of the Russian Federation. The research is based on data from the first day of each month in 2023, using vertical total electron content (VTEC) values calculated at regular grid points with a 2.5° latitude and 5.0° longitude step. The accuracy of these models is assessed using the root mean square (RMS) of the difference in VTEC calculated by the models and global ionospheric maps (GIM). The analysis covers the entire Earth’s surface, polar regions, mid-latitude regions, equatorial regions, and the territory of the Russian Federation. The Klobuchar model demonstrates the lowest accuracy, particularly in polar regions, where its accuracy values do not exceed 45 % and lower than that of the other models. In equatorial regions, its accuracy is only 9 % lower. The NeQuick-G and IRI-2016 models show similar overall accuracy, but NeQuick-G provides more accurate results in specific cases, with RMS values as low as 2 TECU, while IRI-2016 offers more predictable results with RMS values not exceeding 8–10 TECU. For the territory of the Russian Federation, the NeQuick-G model is most effective during calm ionospheric periods, with an RMS of 4.702 TECU, and the IRI-2016 model is preferred during disturbed conditions, with an RMS of 5.335 TECU.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>ГНСС</kwd>
    <kwd>спутниковая геодезическая аппаратура</kwd>
    <kwd>модели ионосферы</kwd>
    <kwd>ионосферная коррекция измерений</kwd>
    <kwd>модель Клобучара</kwd>
    <kwd>NeQuick-G</kwd>
    <kwd>IRI</kwd>
    <kwd>полное электронное содержание</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>GNSS</kwd>
    <kwd>GNSS receiver</kwd>
    <kwd>ionospheric models</kwd>
    <kwd>ionospheric measurement correction</kwd>
    <kwd>Klobuchar model</kwd>
    <kwd>NeQuick-G</kwd>
    <kwd>IRI</kwd>
    <kwd>total electron content</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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