UDC 528.8
CSCSTI 87.19
At present, monitoring of water bodies aimed at timely detection and prevention of pollution is topical and its necessity is noted by a number of regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation. One of the most dangerous types of pollution is oil pollution, as it causes significant environmental damage to aquatic ecosystems, biodiversity and quality of water resources. This article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of detection and investigation of oil pollution of water bodies on the basis of remote sensing methods. The advantage of remote methods in comparison with traditional methods is expressed in the speed of pollution detection and lower financial costs associated with the maintenance of equipment and labour. In the paper special attention is paid to modern remote technologies, including satellite monitoring and the use of unmanned aircrafts, which allow to promptly detect pollution both in large and localised areas. The features of radar and optoelectronic imaging are considered. The advantages and limitations of each method are analysed, and the possibilities of their integration to improve the accuracy and efficiency of monitoring are considered. The results of the study can be used to develop strategies to minimise environmental damage, improve the efficiency of environmental control and water resources management.
oil pollution, monitoring of water bodies, remote methods, radar imaging, optical-electronic imaging
1. Molochnikov D.E., Mustyakimov R.N., Lisin A.V. i dr. Vidy i istochniki poter' nefteproduktov // Teoriya i praktika sovremennoy agrarnoy nauki: sbornik IV Nacional'noy (Vserossiyskoy) nauchnoy konferencii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem. Novosibirsk: Zolotoy kolos, 2021. S. 360–363.
2. Kobernichenko V.G., Sosnovskiy A.V. Kosmicheskie radiolokacionnye sistemy s sintezirovannoy aperturoy antenny // Vserossiyskie otkrytye Armandovskie chteniya: molodezhnaya shkola «Problemy distancionnogo zondirovaniya, rasprostraneniya i difrakcii radiovoln». Murom: Izdatel'sko-poligraficheskiy centr MI VlGU, 2022. № 1. S. 5–20.
3. Ivanov A.Yu., Kucheyko A.A., Filimonova N.A. i dr. Ispol'zovanie kosmicheskoy radiolokacionnoy s'emki i dannyh avtomaticheskih sistem identifikacii sudov dlya vyyavleniya sudovyh razlivov v Chernom more // Issledovanie Zemli iz kosmosa. 2013. № 5. S. 84–98. DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7868/s0205961413050011. https://doi.org/10.7868/s0205961413050011
4. Ivanov A.Yu., Zatyagalova V.V. Kartografirovanie plenochnyh zagryazneniy morya s ispol'zovaniem kosmicheskoy radiolokacii i geograficheskih informacionnyh sistem // Issledovanie Zemli iz kosmosa. 2007. № 6. S. 46–63.
5. Guseynov A.R. Nekotorye aspekty otlichiya giperspektral'nyh dannyh ot mnogozonal'nyh // Perspektivy razvitiya informacionnyh tehnologiy. 2015. № 23. S. 16–18.
6. Hvostov D.V., Makarenko S.A. Sputnikovye navigacionnye sistemy // Aktual'nye problemy zemleustroystva, kadastra i prirodoobustroystva: materialy IV Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii fakul'teta zemleustroystva i kadastrov VGAU. Voronezh: Voronezhskiy GAU, 2022. S. 210–222.
7. Zhukov D.V. Spektral'nye priznaki dlya identifikacii tipovyh zagryazneniy akvatoriy morey po dannym aviacionnoy i kosmicheskoy s'emki // Optika atmosfery i okeana. 2016. T. 29. № 7. S. 560–565. DOIhttps://doi.org/10.15372/AOO20160705. https://doi.org/10.15372/AOO20160705
8. Vytovtov K.A., Barabanova E.A., Novochadova A.V. i dr. Identifikaciya neftyanyh zagryazneniy vodnoy poverhnosti s ispol'zovaniem BPLA // Avtomatizaciya v promyshlennosti. 2024. № 6. S. 52–56. DOIhttps://doi.org/10.25728/avtprom.2024.06.07. https://doi.org/10.25728/avtprom.2024.06.07
9. Kalinkevich A.A., Kutuza B.G., Plyuschev V.A. Vliyanie pervichnoy obrabotki golograficheskih dannyh RSA na rezul'taty interpretacii radiolokacionnyh izobrazheniy // Vserossiyskie otkrytye Armandovskie chteniya: materialy Vserossiyskoy otkrytoy nauchnoy konferencii «Sovremennye problemy distancionnogo zondirovaniya, radiolokacii, rasprostraneniya i difrakcii voln». Murom: MI VlGU, 2023. S. 210–216.
10. Kostyuk E.A., Zaharov A.I. Radiometricheskaya kalibrovka radiolokacionnyh izobrazheniy // Materialy 22-y Mezhdunarodnoy konferencii «Sovremennye problemy distancionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa». M.: IKI RAN, 2024. S. 42.
11. Bogomolov V.Yu. Obzor metodov obrabotki i analiza mul'tispektral'nyh izobrazheniy poley s pomosch'yu glubokih neyronnyh setey // Oblachnye i raspredelennye vychislitel'nye sistemy v elektronnom upravlenii (ORVSEU-2022) v ramkah nacional'nogo superkomp'yuternogo foruma (NSKF-2022): sbornik trudov 3-y Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-tehnicheskoy konferencii. Pereslavl'-Zalesskiy: Institut programmnyh sistem im. A.K. Aylamazyana RAN, 2022. S. 86–91.
12. Guliev A.Sh.O., Hlebnikova T.A. Vyyavlenie mest neftezagryazneniy shel'fovoy zony po materialam kosmicheskih s'emok (na primere akvatorii neftyanyh kamney (Kaspiy)) // Vestnik SGUGiT. 2019. T. 24. № 3. S. 52–64. DOIhttps://doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2019-24-3-52-64. https://doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2019-24-3-52-64
13. Shirokov I.B., Maronchuk I.I. Metody opredeleniya vodosoderzhaniya v nefti i nefteproduktah, ostatochnogo soderzhaniya nefteproduktov v vode // Energeticheskie ustanovki i tehnologii. 2017. T. 3. № 4. S. 130–145.
